Babble

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Circumcision

What are the risks and benefits of circumcision? by The Babble Staff

November 28, 2006

Circumcision

IT'S MUTILATION

THERE ARE HEALTH BENEFITS

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MOTHERS AGAINST CIRCUMCISION
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DR. SEARS
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AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS

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DR. SPOCK

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PROF. BRIAN MORRIS

THE BABBLE TAKE

The United States is one of few countries in the world that practices routine circumcision of infant boys for non-religious reasons. Once regarded as fairly innocuous, broaching the topic of circumcision has become a sure-fire way to start a shouting match. There are those, like the group Mothers Against Circumcision, who believe circumcision is tantamount to child abuse, and others who believe it is a safe, preventative health measure. For an issue that is seemingly black and white — there is, after all, no such thing as a little bit of circumcision — there is a remarkable amount of middle ground. The American Academy of Pediatrics diplomatically concedes that there are "some benefits but not enough to recommend circumcision for all infant boys." Circumcision is widely thought to reduce risk of disease in both circumcised men and their partners. Another argument in favor of circumcision is cosmetic; some say ladies like circumcised men better and that a quick snip in infancy will eliminate any risk, once your son reaches adulthood, of women laughing at him behind his back because they think his penis looks funny. So: is circumcision a barbaric custom or a civilized way of improving health? Do you really want to remove your baby's foreskin because there is a chance it might cause cervical cancer in your future daughter-in-law? Then again, why put your baby at increased risk for penile cancer?

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    PRO: Prof. Brian Morris "Circumcision: A Guide for Parents"

    In order for parents to make an informed decision on circumcision, they must carefully consider the benefits and risks. Since the foreskin traps bacteria and other infectious agents, as well as accumulating malodorous smegma, its removal improves genital hygiene and reduces risk of diseases and other conditions over the lifetime for the boy and his future sexual partners.

    Circumcision has been performed for thousands of years as part of the culture of indigenous people who live in hot environments such as in Australia, the Pacific Islands, equatorial countries, the Middle East, Africa and the Americas. In Australia all newborn boys were once circumcised routinely. Circumcision then decreased in the mid-1970s, but is now rising again, in line with research. Over 60 percent of Australian men are circumcised. ...read the full article

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    MIDDLE GROUND: DrSpock.com "The Circumcision Decision"

    Circumcision is controversial, since it is unclear if there are significant medical advantages, and there are small risks. Many parents who choose circumcision do so for cultural or religious reasons. In the US, newborn circumcision is widely practiced, although the rates vary by region, from about 60 to as high as 90 percent. In contrast, in the UK only a quarter of newborns get circumcised, and in Canada, about half.

    Circumcision may be done as a religious observance (as in Islam and Judaism). Other parents opt for circumcision for cosmetic reasons, so that a boy will look "like his father," for example, or so that he will look like the other guys in the locker room. Many parents worry that if they don't have their baby circumcised at birth he may need it later, when it would be more emotionally traumatic.

    In 1999, an expert panel of the American Academy of Pediatrics concluded that circumcision does have some demonstrated medical benefits. For example, circumcised infants are significantly less likely to develop infections of the bladder and kidneys. Circumcision also seems to reduce the risk of developing penile cancer and certain sexually transmitted diseases. However, the expert panel did not feel that these benefits were large enough to justify recommending circumcision for all baby boys. ...read the full article

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    CON: American Academy of Pediatrics "Circumcision Information for Parents"

    Scientific studies show some medical benefits of circumcision. However, these benefits are not sufficient for the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) to recommend that all infant boys be circumcised. Parents may want their sons circumcised for religious, social and cultural reasons. Since circumcision is not essential to a child's health, parents should choose what is best for their child by looking at the benefits and risks.

    As noted above, research studies suggest that there may be some medical benefits to circumcision. These include the following: ...read the full article

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    CON: Dr. Sears "Deciding Whether or Not to Circumcise Your Baby Boy"

    Circumcision is a decision that many parents face. There are many misconceptions and out-of-date information that parents may read. Here is a summary of the pertinent issues that you should consider when making this decision.

    1. Medical benefits — THERE ARE NONE! Do not circumcise your baby because you think there are some medical benefits. A recent review by the American Academy of Pediatrics looked at all the data from the past decades to see if there truly were any medical benefits. Their conclusion — NO. There are no significant medical benefits that make circumcision worth doing. Here are a few benefits that we used to think were true, and now know are not.

    2. Religious reasons — some people choose to circumcise for religious or cultural reasons. This is a personal decision.

    3. Don't want to be teased — while this may have been true in the U.S. decades ago, the truth is that your uncircumcised kids will be in good company in the locker room when they are teenagers. Less and less people in the U.S. are now circumcising their boys.

    4. Too much trouble to take care of — some people think that an intact penis is too much trouble to pull back and clean, especially during childhood. Well, the truth is, you are not even supposed to pull back the foreskin until it naturally comes back on its own between age 3 years and adolescence. So there really isn't anything to even take care of until then.

    5. Want your boy to look like dad — the main difference that your child will notice between him and dad is the hair. He won't even notice any difference in the penis until he is old enough that you can then explain the difference to him.

    So, what are the reasons TO circumcise?
    Here is the list:
    Religious reasons — as discussed above.
    That is all. There really is no good reason to circumcise other that personal preference and religious reasons. ...read the full article

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    CON: Mothers Against Circumcision "The Circumcision Decision: An Overview"

    Routine Infant Circumcision [RIC] is not practiced in most medically advanced nations. Unlike American parents, few parents worldwide are actually faced with this choice. Their babies are automatically brought home intact. 82 percent of the world's living men are intact. Few people are aware of the fact that circumcision was introduced to our culture in an attempt to eliminate masturbation.

    Do not forfeit this decision out of respectful submission to your doctor. There are many benefits to keeping the foreskin intact. Typically, American doctors have limited knowledge in these areas. Many are totally unaware that the foreskin actually requires no special care. People mistakenly believe the circumcised penis is cleaner. The myth that the penis with a foreskin is difficult to clean is exactly that — a myth. The big hoopla over hygiene is pure and unnecessary paranoia. ...read the full article

ADDITIONAL LINKS

  • MSNBC "Circumcision Cuts STD Risk, Major Study Finds"
  • Salon "Circumcision in America"
  • Salon "The Unkindest Cut"

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